The measurements are shown in imperial but all the constants are the same for metric. Solve for pipes A, B, and C in the image below using 45 degree fittings and again using 22.5 degree fittings. If your studying for a plumbing exam you will need to remember the 45˚ constants. See the table below for the most common fitting constants. Once you know the true offset you can use a table to determine the setback and diagonal center to center measurements. Step 2 – Finding the Setback and Diagonal You then need to take the square root of the result to get the true offset. ![]() ![]() This simply means that the offset squared plus the rise squared will equal the true offset squared. The first number you need to find when calculating a rolling offset is the “true offset” which is found using Pythagoras’ theorem. To visualize the travel of the pipe, imagine a three dimensional box with the pipe entering at one corner and exiting at the farthest diagonal corner. ![]() The following will illustrate how to use the rolling offset formula in plumbing. A rolling offset in a plumbing system is when a pipe changes in both the horizontal and vertical planes.
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